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From the facial reconstruction based on the skull to the identification of the individual: demands, principles, problems
Moštková, Miroslava ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Blažek, Vladimír (referee)
Facial reconstruction based on the skull is a technique allowing recreation of the original facial features of an individual. However, recreation of the exact look is nearly impossible at this time. Facial reconstruction is used during archaeological research or during investigation of forensic cases. The facial reconstruction methods used are morphoscopic, morphometric, or a combination of the two. They are used during a manual and computerized process to create two dimensional or three-dimensional reconstruction of the individual. Accuracy and reliability can be determined with each one of these methods by quantitative and qualitative measurements. Reliability and accuracy of the facial reconstruction should also be considered from a view of the facial perception. The human face is perceived in a holistic-analytical way which is based on a calculation of the distances between different features. Facial reconstruction is based on the recognition of familiar faces that are perceived on the basis of internal features that are not influenced by differences in the view angle or expression. Unfamiliar faces are perceived on the basis of from external features. Faces with significant facial features are identified faster. Facial features can be organized by the significance of their influence for recognition of...
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Facial approximation: An assessment of the principles of the method and analysis of the craniofacial relationships
Zedníková Malá, Pavla ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Beňuš, Radoslav (referee) ; Krásničanová, Hana (referee)
This doctoral thesis is submitted in the form of scientific publications together with theoretical introduction. The present state of knowledge of facial approximation methods is presented in the introduction. Areas of application, principles of the method and classification of the methods according to medium used are briefly described. Accuracy and limits of the method are further described as they form a base of the research of this thesis. Simultaneous existence of multiple prediction guidelines, of which the accuracy is not known or published, is typical characteristic of the facial approximation method. The aim of this thesis was to assess the accuracy of the particular prediction rules for estimation of position and size of facial parts (eyes, nose, lips), and based on the results to recommend the most accurate and suitable guidelines for middle European population. An assessment of the strength of the association between craniofacial shape and the shape of soft tissues in the profile using geometric morphometric methods, and determination of the extent to which it might be possible to predict the latter from the former were the purpose of the second part of the research. Material for this study consisted of 87 lateral head cephalograms of a recent adult Central European population (52 males...
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Facial reconstruction: an error of facial features prediction and facial recognition
Trsová, Iva ; Zedníková Malá, Pavla (advisor) ; Eliášová, Hana (referee)
Approximate facial reconstruction by features of the skull is one of the ways of estimating a person's appearance and assessing their identity. However, its use in practice has often been criticised. Even in our modern age, it is not an exclusively scientific method with an outstanding success ratio that would under any circumstances lead to identification of the target individual. It is applied primarily in archeology and forensic anthropology. There are more predictions methods for each part of the face. Each author prefers a different one and new ones are still emerging. The aim of the thesis is to provide an overview of the current prediction methods used in frontal facial reconstruction and also provide information about their precision/reliability. Furthermore, the thesis introduces the matter of facial reconstruction with focus on the changes in the position or size of the facial features (eyes, nose, lips). Key words: facial reconstruction, facial prediction, methods of reconstruction, change the position of facial features, accuracy
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Facial approximation: An assessment of the principles of the method and analysis of the craniofacial relationships
Zedníková Malá, Pavla ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Beňuš, Radoslav (referee) ; Krásničanová, Hana (referee)
This doctoral thesis is submitted in the form of scientific publications together with theoretical introduction. The present state of knowledge of facial approximation methods is presented in the introduction. Areas of application, principles of the method and classification of the methods according to medium used are briefly described. Accuracy and limits of the method are further described as they form a base of the research of this thesis. Simultaneous existence of multiple prediction guidelines, of which the accuracy is not known or published, is typical characteristic of the facial approximation method. The aim of this thesis was to assess the accuracy of the particular prediction rules for estimation of position and size of facial parts (eyes, nose, lips), and based on the results to recommend the most accurate and suitable guidelines for middle European population. An assessment of the strength of the association between craniofacial shape and the shape of soft tissues in the profile using geometric morphometric methods, and determination of the extent to which it might be possible to predict the latter from the former were the purpose of the second part of the research. Material for this study consisted of 87 lateral head cephalograms of a recent adult Central European population (52 males...
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Facial reconstruction: an error of facial features prediction and facial recognition
Trsová, Iva ; Zedníková Malá, Pavla (advisor) ; Bejdová, Šárka (referee)
Approximate facial reconstruction by features of the skull is one of the ways of estimating a person's appearance and assessing their identity. However, its use in practice has often been criticised. Even in our modern age, it is not an exclusively scientific method with an outstanding success ratio that would under any circumstances lead to identification of the target individual. It is applied primarily in archeology and forensic anthropology. There are more predictions methods for each part of the face. Each author prefers a different one and new ones are still emerging. The aim of the thesis is to provide an overview of the current prediction methods used in frontal facial reconstruction and also provide information about their precision/reliability. Furthermore, the thesis introduces the matter of facial recognition with focus on the influence of the changes in the position or size of the facial features (eyes, nose, lips). Key words: facial reconstruction, facial prediction, methods of reconstruction, face recognition, change of the position of facial features, accuracy of prediction guides
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Facial reconstruction: an error of facial features prediction and facial recognition
Trsová, Iva ; Zedníková Malá, Pavla (advisor) ; Eliášová, Hana (referee)
Approximate facial reconstruction by features of the skull is one of the ways of estimating a person's appearance and assessing their identity. However, its use in practice has often been criticised. Even in our modern age, it is not an exclusively scientific method with an outstanding success ratio that would under any circumstances lead to identification of the target individual. It is applied primarily in archeology and forensic anthropology. There are more predictions methods for each part of the face. Each author prefers a different one and new ones are still emerging. The aim of the thesis is to provide an overview of the current prediction methods used in frontal facial reconstruction and also provide information about their precision/reliability. Furthermore, the thesis introduces the matter of facial reconstruction with focus on the changes in the position or size of the facial features (eyes, nose, lips). Key words: facial reconstruction, facial prediction, methods of reconstruction, change the position of facial features, accuracy
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From the facial reconstruction based on the skull to the identification of the individual: demands, principles, problems
Moštková, Miroslava ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Blažek, Vladimír (referee)
Facial reconstruction based on the skull is a technique allowing recreation of the original facial features of an individual. However, recreation of the exact look is nearly impossible at this time. Facial reconstruction is used during archaeological research or during investigation of forensic cases. The facial reconstruction methods used are morphoscopic, morphometric, or a combination of the two. They are used during a manual and computerized process to create two dimensional or three-dimensional reconstruction of the individual. Accuracy and reliability can be determined with each one of these methods by quantitative and qualitative measurements. Reliability and accuracy of the facial reconstruction should also be considered from a view of the facial perception. The human face is perceived in a holistic-analytical way which is based on a calculation of the distances between different features. Facial reconstruction is based on the recognition of familiar faces that are perceived on the basis of internal features that are not influenced by differences in the view angle or expression. Unfamiliar faces are perceived on the basis of from external features. Faces with significant facial features are identified faster. Facial features can be organized by the significance of their influence for recognition of...
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